Colposcopy (Ancient Greek: κόλπος, romanized: kolpos, lit. 'hollow, womb, vagina' + skopos "look at") is a medical diagnostic procedure to visually examine the cervix as well as the vagina and vulva using a colposcope.
The main goal of colposcopy is to prevent cervical cancer by detecting and treating precancerous lesions early.Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a common infection and the underlying cause for most cervical cancers. Smoking also makes developing cervical abnormalities more likely.
Other reasons for a patient to have a colposcopy include assessment of diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure in utero, immunosuppression, abnormal appearance of the cervix or as a part of a sexual assault forensic examination.
Colposcopy is done using a colposcope, which provides a magnified and illuminated view of the areas, allowing the colposcopist to visually distinguish normal from abnormal appearing tissue such, as damaged or abnormal changes in the tissue (lesions), and take directed biopsies for further pathological examination if needed.
The procedure was developed by the German physician Hans Hinselmann, with help from Eduard Wirths.The development of colposcopy involved experimentation on Jewish inmates from Auschwitz.
During the underlying assessment, a clinical history is gotten. The methodology is completely portrayed to the patient. Now and again a pregnancy test might be performed before the strategy and the patient at that point signs an assent form.[citation needed] Colposcopy is performed with the lady lying back, legs in stirrups, and hindquarters at the lower edge of the table (a position known as the dorsal lithotomy position). A speculum is put in the vagina after the vulva is inspected for any dubious lesions.[citation needed]
A colposcope is utilized to distinguish apparent pieces of information reminiscent of strange tissue. It capacities as a lit binocular or monocular magnifying lens to amplify the perspective on the cervix, vagina, and vulvar surface. Low amplification (2× to 6×) might be utilized to get an overall impression of the surface engineering. 8× to 25× amplification are used to assess the vagina and cervix. High amplification along with green channel is regularly used to recognize certain vascular examples that may demonstrate the presence of further developed pre-carcinogenic or malignant injuries
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