Eisenmenger syndrome is a rare type of pulmonary artery disease. It is also known as Dupuytren's disease or Pericarditis. In this condition, the vessels that transport blood from the heart back to the lungs become narrowed. This creates the pressure of blood flowing against the walls of these arteries (ischemia) to be too high.
As a result of this narrowing, the lungs are not able to receive a sufficient amount of oxygen as and when required. As a result, the person suffering from this condition may start to experience shortness of breath frequently. Shortness of breath may include coughing, wheezing, nausea, vomiting, and increased blood pressure. Other symptoms associated with this syndrome include fatigue, palpitations, depression, anxiety, and muscle cramps. Medication that can be prescribed for includes antidepressants with serotonergic properties
A number of antidepressant medications are also used for this condition. Most medications for Eisenmenger syndrome treatment are not suitable for pregnant women and must be discussed first with doctor. Eisenmenger syndrome treatment include a large group of drugs, including anti-seizure medications, anti-depressants, calcium channel blockers, beta agonists, anticholinergics and gabapentinoids. Some of these medications increase the levels of calcium in the blood, while others reduce blood pressure.
The exact cause behind this condition is still unknown. However, doctors have found several physical abnormalities that are closely associated with this disorder. Most notably, shortness of breath may be caused due to a heart defect. The defect is most often a ventricular septal defect. It can also be caused due to the sudden growth of the heart muscle.Another physical abnormality that has been associated with this syndrome is congenital heart defects. Several types of congenital heart defects have been identified. Some of these include a ventricular septal defect, a mitral valve prolapse, congenital cystic fibrosis, congenital heart paralysis, mitral valve regurgitation, and ventricular tachycardia. Shortness of breath due to these congenital heart defects is common in individuals who have been exposed to the smoke of cigarettes or other tobacco products.
Aside from congenital heart defects, the cardiovascular systems of individuals with Eisenmenger Syndrome can also develop due to some lifestyle factors. These include the use of alcoholic beverages, use of recreational drugs, and use of certain medications such as corticosteroids. Individuals with this syndrome should avoid smoking since this can worsen the symptoms of asthma. It is therefore important for people affected by this syndrome to stop smoking.
Another characteristic of this Eisenmenger syndrome that makes it a high-risk factor for asthmatics is the fact that the disease is not easily treatable. This is despite the fact that medications that can effectively cure asthma conditions are available. This is despite the fact that asthma is not considered a chronic disease and can thus be treated using the same medications that are used to control chronic diseases such as allergies and diabetes. Because of these, the chances that the child may have this syndrome are quite high.
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