Thursday 25 March 2021

How are flocculents and coagulants used in water and wastewater treatment around the world?

 


Flocculent and coagulant disinfectants are two of the most widely used chemical substances in a variety of industries. However, these two processes have distinct advantages over other applications in water treatment plants. Understanding these advantages is essential to determine which type of disinfectant to use in your plant. Flocculent or coagulant disinfectants are composed of a combination of activated carbon and granular carbon. They consist of an aqueous anticoagulant which is usually chlorine. The anticoagulant is combined with an oxidizing agent such as bleach. Other agents can also be included to increase effectiveness.
The bleach is generally bromine, which reacts with the chlorine to form hypochlorous acid. These chemicals are strong enough to combat most microbes, although not so strong that they destroy all of them. Coagulants are a less commonly used term. These applications include applications in the chemical industry, particularly the production of paper. During the production process, coagulants are combined with lime and calcium carbonate to create a homogenous paste. This paste is then injected into the molds, where it hardens into sheets. It is used to coat interior walls and floors and as a final step to sealing products and final finishing. It is not soluble in water, therefore it must be added during the drying process.
Flocculent and coagulant are often used in conjunction with other drying methods. For example, instead of applying the chemical directly to the target surface, it is common to apply it through an airless sprayer, so that the chemical has a lower chance of being vaporized in the air. Many countries including Japan, Mexico, and Germany have witnessed massive adoption of flocculent and coagulant for various applications. In Mexico, an environment-friendly approach has been adopted for the treatment of raw agricultural wastewater by using chitosan and bean straw flour as biolfloucculants.


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