Glycobiology is one of two major disciplines of research that investigates the metabolic properties of various carbohydrates and starches. More precisely, glycobiology, in its broadest meaning, is the study of the molecular biology, structure, and physiology of various saccharides found in nature. It is a fast expanding field that encompasses a wide range of scientific fields. Glycobiology has contributed significantly to our understanding of several illnesses and diseases with modern treatment possibilities.Among these are disorders that have symptoms similar to those seen in diabetes, such as Type I and Type II diabetes, as well as metabolic disorders like that of fatty liver disease (fatty liver).
The field of glycobiology has developed out of the basic studies of carbohydrates and how they are broken down. These studies have shown that the best approach to treating many metabolic disorders is by addressing their underlying energy source. For instance, in the case of insulin resistance, it has been discovered that glucose or refined carbohydrates are not able to provide the energy required to satisfy body requirements. This can be remedied through the introduction of proteins that can bridge the gap between blood sugar and energy pathways.
Glycobiology also includes applications in other areas of science. The field has had applications in many aspects of engineering, including computer chip design, pharmaceutical drug development, biomedical and industrial biotechnology, and chemical engineering. In addition, the field of glycobiology has had applications in veterinary science, as animals are exposed to high levels of glucose at a low level. In fact, glycogen is often used as a source of energy for laboratory animals.
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