Monochloroacetic acid, also known as chloroacetic acid is an organochlorine compound and a useful building block in organic synthesis. It is a halogenated derivative of acetic acid which is used in manufacturing various chemical compounds, drugs, pesticides, drilling fluids, and dyes. It is used to produce/prepare industrial chemicals and is used as a chemical intermediate or thickening agent in carboxymethyl starch and carboxymethyl-cellulose. Monochloroacetic acid is used as an acidic derivative such as amide, anhydride, hydrazide, ester, acyl chloride, and salt due to its high reactivity. Moreover, it is widely used to manufacture thioglycolic acid, herbicides, and cellulose ethers, and various agrochemicals, such as 2, 4-D, glyphosate.
Monochloroacetic acid is widely used in various industries, such as cosmetics agriculture, and pharmaceuticals, among others. They are also used in medical applications such as for treating nerve and brain tumors and for experimental treatments in cancer treatment. However, despite its numerous industrial and medical applications, chloroacetic acid still has much wider scope. Moreover, it is toxic if swallowed or exposed to skin. It causes severe skin burns and eye damage if inhaled. Contact can severely burn and irritate the skin and eyes with possible eye damage. Breathing can irritate the throat, nose, and lungs causing wheezing, coughing, and/or shortness of breath. High or repeated exposure may affect the kidneys.
This compound can be absorbed through the skin, in which it could experience some irritating side effects such as dermatitis, eczema, burns, itchiness, soreness and even inflammation. It could also enter the bloodstream and therefore could experience some unwanted effects such as fatigue, loss of energy, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, nasal congestion, rashes, hives, swelling of the face, stomach cramps, diarrhea and abdominal pain. There are some people who may have an allergic reaction to this acetic acid when exposed to certain substances such as nickel. It could also cause damage to the bone marrow leading to spontaneous abortion.
Monochloroacetic acid is the main ingredient of many organic acids. However it has some limitations as it does not dissolve the fatty substances in fats and instead it bonds with these substances and prevents them from going into fat cells. If taken in the proper dosage through diet and medical attention, this compound can be used as an antiseptic, antifungal, antibiotics, antiviral, anti-inflammatory agent and antiseptic agent. The medical attention must be sought if one notices symptoms like reddening of the lips, throat, tongue, and eyes during medical treatment for chloroacetic acid inhalation. It is also used as mud stabilizers in the oil and gas industry for drilling fluids and fracturing fluid purposes.
Monochloroacetic acid is a colorless crystalline compound and is highly soluble in organic solvents. It is broadly used in the production of agrochemicals, various chemical compounds, and pharmaceutical drugs. Acute inhalation may irritate or damage skin, eyes, respiratory tract, and mucous membrane. Chloroacetic acid is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is cited by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (DEP), and the Department of Transportation (DOT).
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