Inactivated Vaccine Market Demand Supply, Size, Sales, Insights, Revenue and Opportunity Forecast 2025

 

An inactivated vaccine (or killed vaccine) is a vaccine consisting of virus particles, bacteria, or other pathogens that have been grown in culture and then killed to destroy disease producing capacity. In contrast, live vaccines use pathogens that are still alive (but are almost always attenuated, that is, weakened). Pathogens for inactivated vaccines are grown under controlled conditions and are killed as a means to reduce infectivity and thus prevent infection from the vaccine.[1] The virus is killed using a method such as heat or formaldehyde. In addition to chemical and physical methods used to inactivate virus, bacteria and fungi can be inactivated using gentle poring methods to produce ghost vaccines. Bacterial ghosts are intact bacterial cell envelopes that are emptied of their content by gentle biological or chemical poring methods. Ghost techniques increase the safety of the killed vaccines, while maintaining their antigenicity due to mild preparation procedures. Moreover, ghost-platforms may express and/or carry several antigens or plasmid-DNA encoding for protein epitopes. Upon the pattern of immune response they elicit, ghost vaccines are considered as intermediate phase between the inactivated and attenuated vaccines [2].

Currently, the vaccine makers of the world are racing to create vaccines against COVID-19. Many of the companies attempting this are resorting to techniques that have been tried and tested, among which are inactivated vaccines.

Sinovac Biotech has created an inactivated whole virus particle vaccine, with an extra immune booster referred to as alum. This has been successful against SARS viruses. The Sinovac vaccine has been approved for use in China with emergency use in some other countries. Various other inactivated COVID-19 vaccines are in development, with three others at various levels of approval.

Inactivated vaccines could be advantageous in the fight against COVID-19 because they can be easily scaled up to large-scale production in many countries. However, the potential effectiveness of inactivated vaccines against COVID-19 is unknown. Current trials with an inactivated vaccine, where inactivation was done with formaldehyde and ultraviolet light, have been effectively used in a mouse model.